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Git Cheat Sheets

Git cheat sheet that serves as a practical Git command reference for branching, merging, staging, and committing.

Getting Started

// Initialize a Repository

git init

Create a new git repository

// Clone a Repository

git clone <repo-url>

Clone from remote

// Shallow Clone

git clone --depth 1 <repo-url>

Clone with limited history

// Git Resources

Official Git Docs git-scm.com Atlassian Git Tutorials atlassian.com GitHub Learning Lab lab.github.com Pro Git Book git-scm.com

Basic Snapshotting

// Check Status

git status

Show working tree status

// Add Files

git add <file>

Stage files for commit

// Add All Files

git add .

Stage all changes

// Commit Changes

git commit -m "Commit message"

Commit staged changes

// Common Status Codes

Modified

Added

Deleted

Untracked

Advanced Branching & Merging

// Create Branch

git branch <branch-name>

Create a new branch

// Switch Branch

git switch <branch-name>

Switch to another branch

// Merge Branch

git merge <branch-name>

Merge another branch

// Squash Merge

git merge --squash <branch-name>

Squash all commits into one

// Branch Tips

git branch -d <branch>

Delete branch

git branch -m <old> <new>

Rename branch

git branch

List branches

git merge --abort

Abort merge

Interactive Rebase & Cherry-pick

// Interactive Rebase

git rebase -i <base-commit>

Edit, squash, reorder commits

// Cherry-pick Commit

git cherry-pick <commit>

Apply commit from another branch

// Rebase Tips

pick

Use commit as is

squash

Combine with previous commit

edit

Edit commit during rebase

Bisect & Debugging

// Start Bisect

git bisect start

Find commit that introduced a bug

// Mark Good/Bad

git bisect good <commit>
git bisect bad <commit>

Mark known good/bad commits

// Reset Bisect

git bisect reset

End bisect session

Submodules & Large Files

// Add Submodule

git submodule add <repo-url> <path>

Add a git submodule

// Update Submodules

git submodule update --init --recursive

Update all submodules

// Git LFS

git lfs track "*.psd"
git add .gitattributes

Track large files

Patch & Ignore

// Create Patch

git format-patch -1 <commit>

Create patch file from diff

// Apply Patch

git apply <patch-file>

Apply patch file

// Git Ignore

echo ".env" >> .gitignore

Ignore files and directories

Hooks & Credentials

// Git Hooks

echo "echo Hello" > .git/hooks/pre-commit
chmod +x .git/hooks/pre-commit

Run scripts on git events

// Store Credentials

git config --global credential.helper cache

Cache credentials for HTTPS

// SSH Key Setup

ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -C "[email protected]"
ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_ed25519

Generate and add SSH key

Inspecting & Comparing

// Show Commit Log

git log --oneline --graph --decorate

View commit history

// Show Differences

git diff <commit1> <commit2>

Show file changes

// Inspect Tips

git show <commit>

Show commit details

git blame <file>

Show who changed what

git reflog

Show reference log (recover lost commits)

Rewriting History

// Amend Last Commit

git commit --amend

Edit last commit message or content

// Rebase Branch

git rebase <branch>

Reapply commits on top of another base

// Rewriting Tips

git reset --hard <commit>

Reset to commit (danger!)

git revert <commit>

Revert a commit safely

git cherry-pick <commit>

Apply commit from another branch

git filter-branch

Rewrite history (advanced!)

Configuration & Aliases

// Set Username & Email

git config --global user.name "Your Name"
git config --global user.email "[email protected]"

Configure user info

// Set Alias

git config --global alias.co checkout

Create a git command alias

// Useful Aliases

git config --global alias.st status

git st

git config --global alias.lg "log --oneline --graph"

git lg

git config --global alias.unstage "reset HEAD --"

git unstage

Troubleshooting & Recovery

// Common Issues

Detached HEAD

git checkout <branch> to recover

Merge conflict

Resolve conflict, then git add & git commit

Lost commit

git reflog to find lost commits

Corrupted repo

git fsck, git gc

// Troubleshooting Resources

GitHub Help help.github.com Atlassian Troubleshooting atlassian.com Stack Overflow stackoverflow.com

Workflow Patterns & Best Practices

// Popular Workflows

Feature Branch

Separate branch for each feature

Git Flow

Develop, master, feature, release, hotfix branches

Fork & Pull

Fork repo, submit pull requests

// Best Practices

Commit often

Small, frequent commits are best

Write good messages

Clear, descriptive commit messages

Use branches

Feature/topic branches for organization

Pull before push

Avoid conflicts by syncing first

Review before merge

Code review for quality

// Further Reading

Pro Git Book git-scm.com GitHub Guides guides.github.com Atlassian Git Tutorials atlassian.com Git Flow nvie.com

Security & Performance

// Security Tips

Never commit secrets

Use .gitignore for .env, credentials

Review before push

Check staged files with git diff --cached

Sign commits

git commit -S

// Performance Tips

Shallow clone

git clone --depth 1

Garbage collect

git gc

Prune

git fetch --prune

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